Escaping the Cage of Marriage in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House Essays

Escaping the Cage of Marriage in A Doll House      Ã‚  Ã‚   A bird may have beautiful wings, but within a cage, the beautiful wings are useless. Within the cage, the bird is not fulfilling the potential for which it was created - it is merely a household decoration.   In Ibsen's symbolic play A Doll House, Nora is the bird, and her marriage is the cage. Externally, Nora is a beautiful creature entertaining her husband with the beautiful images of a docile wife, but internally, she is a desperate creature longing to explore her potential outside the cage of her marriage. In a society dominated by the expectations of men, Nora must choose between the obligations determined by her role as wife in opposition to the obligations of self, in determining her true identity. Within the context of love, she commits forgery, and through this deception, discovers her marriage is nothing more than an illusion, and she nothing more than a doll within Torvald's house. In Act I, the Christmas tree symbolizes the Helmer's marriage. Externally, the tree is beautifully decorated, but internally it is dying because the tree has no roots to feed it. Nora and Helmer are playing the roles that society has taught them. He is the strong provider and protector; Nora is the helpless little woman who depends on him. Like the Christmas tree, the Helmer's marriage is just an image of beauty, dying on the inside. After Krogstad informs Nora that he intends to blackmail her, she tells the maid to bring her the tree and set it in the middle of the floor (center stage) (1581). Nora begins to decorate the tree:    [I'll put c]andles here [and] flowers here. That terrible creature! Talk, talk, talk! There's nothing to it at all. The tree [is] going to be lo... ...ond the cage, the beautiful wings carry the bird into a life worth living. A life where the birds have the opportunity to accomplish the obligations of their creation is the only life worth living.    Works Cited Baruch, Elaine Hoffman. "Ibsen's Doll House: A Myth for Our Time." The Yale Review 69 (1980): 374-387. Gray, Ronald, ed. Ibsen-A Dissenting View: A Study of the Last Twelve Plays. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1961. Ibsen, Henrick. A Doll House. The Bedford Introduction to Literature: Reading, Thinking, Writing. 5th   ed. Ed. Michael Meyer. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 1999. 1564-1612. Northram, John. "Ibsen's Search for the Hero." Ibsen: A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Rolf Fjelde. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1965. 107-113. Templeton, Joan. "The Doll House Backlash: Criticism, Feminism, and Ibsen. PMLA   104.1(1989): 28-40. Escaping the Cage of Marriage in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House Essays Escaping the Cage of Marriage in A Doll House      Ã‚  Ã‚   A bird may have beautiful wings, but within a cage, the beautiful wings are useless. Within the cage, the bird is not fulfilling the potential for which it was created - it is merely a household decoration.   In Ibsen's symbolic play A Doll House, Nora is the bird, and her marriage is the cage. Externally, Nora is a beautiful creature entertaining her husband with the beautiful images of a docile wife, but internally, she is a desperate creature longing to explore her potential outside the cage of her marriage. In a society dominated by the expectations of men, Nora must choose between the obligations determined by her role as wife in opposition to the obligations of self, in determining her true identity. Within the context of love, she commits forgery, and through this deception, discovers her marriage is nothing more than an illusion, and she nothing more than a doll within Torvald's house. In Act I, the Christmas tree symbolizes the Helmer's marriage. Externally, the tree is beautifully decorated, but internally it is dying because the tree has no roots to feed it. Nora and Helmer are playing the roles that society has taught them. He is the strong provider and protector; Nora is the helpless little woman who depends on him. Like the Christmas tree, the Helmer's marriage is just an image of beauty, dying on the inside. After Krogstad informs Nora that he intends to blackmail her, she tells the maid to bring her the tree and set it in the middle of the floor (center stage) (1581). Nora begins to decorate the tree:    [I'll put c]andles here [and] flowers here. That terrible creature! Talk, talk, talk! There's nothing to it at all. The tree [is] going to be lo... ...ond the cage, the beautiful wings carry the bird into a life worth living. A life where the birds have the opportunity to accomplish the obligations of their creation is the only life worth living.    Works Cited Baruch, Elaine Hoffman. "Ibsen's Doll House: A Myth for Our Time." The Yale Review 69 (1980): 374-387. Gray, Ronald, ed. Ibsen-A Dissenting View: A Study of the Last Twelve Plays. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1961. Ibsen, Henrick. A Doll House. The Bedford Introduction to Literature: Reading, Thinking, Writing. 5th   ed. Ed. Michael Meyer. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 1999. 1564-1612. Northram, John. "Ibsen's Search for the Hero." Ibsen: A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Rolf Fjelde. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1965. 107-113. Templeton, Joan. "The Doll House Backlash: Criticism, Feminism, and Ibsen. PMLA   104.1(1989): 28-40.

Drug Addiction †Essay Essay

Drug addiction is a pathological or abnormal condition which arises due to frequent drug use. The disorder of addiction involves the progression of acute drug use to the development of drug-seeking behavior, the vulnerability to relapse, and the decreased, slowed ability to respond to naturally rewarding stimuli. Causes Drugs known to cause addiction include illegal drugs as well as prescription or over-the-counter drugs, according to the definition of the American Society of Addiction Medicine. †¢ Stimulants: o Amphetamine and methamphetamine o Cocaine o Nicotine †¢ Sedatives and hypnotics: o Alcohol o Barbiturates o Benzodiazepines, particularly flunitrazepam, triazolam, temazepam, and nimetazepam o Methaqualone and the related quinazolinone sedative-hypnotics †¢ Opiate and opioid analgesics o Morphine and codeine, the two naturally occurring opiate analgesics o Semi-synthetic opiates, such as heroin (diacetylmorphine), oxycodone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone o Fully synthetic opioids, such as fentanyl, meperidine/pethidine, and methadone HEROIN- The German drug company Bayer named its new over the counter drug â€Å"Heroin† in 1895.[7] The name was derived from the German word â€Å"heroisch† (heroic) due to its perceived â€Å"heroic† effects upon a user.[7] It was chiefly developed as a morphine substitute for cough suppressants that did not have morphine’s addictive side-effects. Morphine at the time was a popular recreational drug, and Bayer wished to find a similar but non-addictive substitute to market.[8] However, contrary to Bayer’s advertising as a â€Å"non-addictive morphine substitute,† heroin would soon have one of the highest rates of  dependence amongst its users.[9] Diacetylmorphine is used as a recreational drug for the transcendent relaxation and intense euphoria it induces. Anthropologist Michael Agar once described heroin as â€Å"the perfect whatever drug.†[23] Tolerance quickly develops, and users need more of the drug to achieve the same effects. Its popularity with recreational drug users, compared to morphine, reportedly stems from its perceived different effects.[24] In particular, users report an intense rush that occurs while the diacetylmorphine is being metabolized into 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM) and morphine in the brain. Diacetylmorphine produces more euphoria than other opioids upon injection. One of the most common methods of illicit heroin use is via intravenous injection (colloquially termed â€Å"slamming† or â€Å"shooting up†). effects- Large doses of heroin can cause fatal respiratory depression, and the drug has been used for suicide or as a murder weapon. cost- Price The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction reports that the retail price of brown heroin varies from â‚ ¬14.5 per gram in Turkey to â‚ ¬110 per gram in Sweden, with most European countries reporting typical prices of â‚ ¬35-40 per gram. The price of white heroin is reported only by a few European countries and ranged between â‚ ¬27 and â‚ ¬110 per gram †¢ RISK- For intravenous users of heroin (and any other substance), the use of non-sterile needles and syringes and other related equipment leads to several serious risks: o the risk of contracting blood-borne pathogens such as HIV and hepatitis o the risk of contracting bacterial or fungal endocarditis and possibly venous sclerosis o abscesses †¢ Poisoning from contaminants added to â€Å"cut† or dilute heroin †¢ Chronic constipation †¢ Addiction and increasing tolerance †¢ Physical dependence can result from prolonged use of all opioids,  resulting in withdrawal symptoms on cessation of use †¢ Decreased kidney function (although it is not currently known if this is due to adulterants or infectious diseases)[47] CRACKHEADS GONE WILD Tony had a promising future as a professional athlete. Now he stands in front of a rundown house in Atlanta. ‘My momma always told me, you can be anything you want,’ he says. ‘This is what I brought my being down to.’ He holds up a pebble of crack between thumb and forefinger. ‘This is the most important thing in my life. If I had to choose between you and the blow, I’d forget you.’ ‘Miami Slim’, a greying black woman who has been addicted to cocaine since 1981, recalls her shame at sitting in a room with $7,000 of crack on the table and being unable to give her five-year-old son 50 cents to buy an ice cream. These are just two of the characters from Crackheads Gone Wild, an American DVD that takes the gonzo documentary genre made notorious by the 2002 video Bumfights (a series of tramp-fighting vignettes) to distressing new extremes. It presents ‘uncensored real stories’ of crack addicts in Atlanta while drawing on the voyeuristic appeal and entertainment value of reality TV. Like Hollywood’s upcoming action-romp Snakes on a Plane, the title alone plays on a brazen marketing nous. And it even has its own snappy logo – an illustration of a zombie-like bug-eyed crackhead. The DVD has sold 60,000 copies since release in December, primarily from sales through its website, crackheadsgonewild.com. Its creator, Daryl ‘Master Mind’ Smith, a 30-year-old graduate from North Carolina Central University with a degree in marketing, maintains his film is intended to raise ‘awareness’ of the crack problem in American cities. ‘But we also tried to make it entertaining,’ he says, ‘otherwise no one would want to watch it and the message wouldn’t get across.’ To this end, there is footage of a couple having sex in a park while simultaneously taking hits off their crack pipes. Smith claims he didn’t solicit the footage. ‘We just walked up on them. They didn’t care. I never gave anyone more than $5 or something to eat to film them. They wanted to do it because they wanted people to know their stories.’ One white female addict, clearly ravaged beyond her years, makes an impassioned plea for understanding on a street corner but is undermined by a man performing a  jerky dance behind her as he takes a hit off his pipe. A woman, posting a message on the film’s website under the name punkin1980, says she recognised the man as the father she hadn’t seen in five years. ‘It saddend (sic) me to look at him like that. Wherever he is now, I just want him to know that punkin still and always will love him.’ Smith defends himself: ‘In my mind, the exploitation was done for a good reason. What I was doing was exploiting the part of life that people choose to ignore. I just put it out there for people to see.’ Fuelled by mainstream rap culture and shows like MTV’s Jackass, there is a burgeoning market for such films. One series of DVDs consisting of nothing more than amateur footage of street fighting is sold under the title ‘Ghetto Brawls’. Bumfights which racked up $5 million in sales worldwide, featured alcoholic vagrants who were plied with booze and encouraged to perform stunts that included having their teeth extracted with pliers. Its makers were taken to court in a civil trial in 2003 for soliciting battery and promoting illegal fights. They received small fines and probationary sentences. There seems little chance that those behind Crackheads Gone Wild will end up in the courts. Smith says he obtained release forms from everyone who appears in the video and won’t use footage from those that refused. He says he knew some of the people he filmed over a period of years and watched them slowly deteriorate. ‘Many of these people are highly intelligent. I have footage of a lady who has a master’s degree in education and used to work on Capitol Hill. She got hooked on drugs and now she’s homeless. The point of the movie is: do not even try crack or this is what it will reduce you to. You will not have any control over your life and you will live and die for the drug.’

Essay about Battle Royal, by Ralph Ellison - 1897 Words

In the 1940‘s racial segregation gripped southern American life. The notion of separating blacks from whites created immense tension. Separate water fountains, bathrooms, restaurants, etc. were variables that helped keep races apart. â€Å"Jim Crow† laws in the south were intended to prevent blacks from voting. These laws, combined with the segregated educational system, instilled the sense that blacks were â€Å"separate† but not equal (174). Many people of color weren‘t able to survive through this time period because of the actions of whites. One individual who overcame the relentless struggles was Ralph Ellison. Ellison, a famous author, depicted racial segregation in the 1940’s through a fictional short story entitled â€Å"Battle Royal.† Battle†¦show more content†¦Ellison’s use of language helps imply the animalistic treatment of the young fighters (German). A writer for the Chicago Sun-Times, Michael Eric Dyson, is thoro ughly amazed by Ellison’s wordplay by saying, â€Å"He spoke elegantly of the beautiful absurdity of the American identity (Dyson).† The choice of words Ellison navigate through America’s history of ideas (Dyson). The portrayal of fighters emphasize the fact that â€Å"blacks† were socially inferior. White’s would of never thought to view blacks in the same â€Å"league† with them. At this time, no one could imagine the battle royal happening with white’s fighting with an animalistic intentions, while rich, black men sat smoking cigars, cheering for brutality. By using nouns and adjectives, the description of the young fighting has a deeper, harsher connotation. Blindfolded, I could no longer control my motions. I had no dignity. I stumbled about like a baby or a drunken man. The smoke had become think and with each new blow it seemed to sear and further restrict my lungs. My saliva became like hot bitter glue. A glove connected with my head, filling my mouth with warm blood. It was everywhere. I could not tell if the moisture I felt upon my body was sweat or blood (179). A fellow fighter is said to have â€Å"whimpered like a dog over his crushed hand (179).† The brutal action of undergoing a battle royal has the unseen indication that the cigar-smoking whites wanted to take the human out of the blacks andShow MoreRelatedBattle Royal, By Ralph Ellison963 Words   |  4 Pages Battle Royal Interpretive Essay Battle Royal is a short story that metaphorically address many such issues such as racial discrimination. The Author, Ralph Ellison, uses symbolism such as blindness and the concept of initiation to compare the world to a real life battlefield. Ellison intended to emphasize, both passive and aggressive elements of battle is necessary to achieve the American Dream. There is much symbolism used in the story. The protagonist’s grandfather is a symbol in himself.Read MoreBattle Royal By Ralph Ellison989 Words   |  4 PagesIt is undeniable that the short story by Ralph Ellison entitled â€Å"Battle Royal† is an intense one. It would be hard to walk away from reading his story without feeling some kind of emotion whether it be pain, sadness, fear, anger, or all of the above. This story portrays a black man, the invisible man, in the time when racism is still running rampant. He uses symbolism many times in order to portray meaning and delve deep into the mind and emotions of the main character, a black man. In the storyRead MoreBattle Royal By Ralph Ellison1308 Words   |  6 PagesThe short story Battle Royal by Ralph Ellison is a disturbing story about the conflicts between the black and white cultures and the main character and himself. In the story the conflicts between the two cultures had a definite impact on how the main ch aracter saw himself and caused the conflicts within himself. Battle Royal deals with racism and the suppression of the African American race and how it effected the actions of that culture. The main character of the story is an African AmericanRead MoreBattle Royal, By Ralph Ellison969 Words   |  4 PagesThe struggles of many black is should never be described lightly. Many african americans were treated like animals and never was given the respected deserved. In the story, Battle Royal, by Ralph Ellison, a young African American man is trying to fit into white society that holds majority of blacks back. During the beginning, the narrator is bewildered by his grandfather s last words. His grandfather spoke out about being a traitor in front of his family. The family was confused and concernedRead MoreEssay Battle Royal, by Ralph Ellison1341 Words   |  6 PagesEllison’s Powerful Battle Royal      Ã‚   I felt a wave of irrational guilt and fear. My teeth chattered, my skin turned to goose flesh, my knees knocked. Yet I was strongly attracted and looked in spite of myself. Had the price of looking been blindness, I would have looked. (Ellison 939)    These insightful words written by Ralph Ellison in the powerful short story Battle Royal, which later became the first chapter in the critically acclaimed novel Invisible Man, convey the repressedRead MoreBattle Royal By Ralph Ellison Analysis1089 Words   |  5 Pagesfactor though. Nobility has always looked down upon those without royal blood, and rich people have always looked down upon poor people. These factors are all present in Battle Royal by Ralph Ellison. In order to highlight the virulent relationship between the white men and black men in Battle Royal, Ralph Ellison focuses on a separation of class by way of race, wealth, and social standing. Because of racism, the main character (Ellison) in the story, along with his fellow African Americans, are treatedRead MoreRalph Ellison s Battle Royal985 Words   |  4 PagesRalph Ellison’s â€Å"Battle Royal†, is nerving, historical, and suspenseful. Ralph Ellison describes the events about how the young narrator goes to a meeting of city men and thinks he would be giving the speech of a lifetime. Although he does get to give his speech at the end of the night, the narrator goes through hell to get what he would like to achieve. Ellison has the narrator go through what mirrors to be what the African-American community in the twentieth century is shaping to be. Through theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Battle Royal By Ralph Ellison1383 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"The Battle Royal† by Ralph Ellison Life is full of obstacles, but no matter what it is we must struggle for survival. In the short story â€Å"The Battle Royal† by Ralph Ellison, the narrator talks about the clash between the African-American and white and the segregation issues. It features a young black man who has recently graduated from high school, and he is invited to give a speech to a group white gathering. While delivering the speechRead MoreAnalysis Of Battle Royal By Ralph Ellison1508 Words   |  7 PagesUnrelenting Perseverance Ralph Ellison’s excerpt â€Å"Battle Royal† from his novel â€Å"Invisible Man† reveals the African American’s struggle for social equality. It was written during the Cold War and Civil Rights movement and made an impact in the literature world and won an award. Ellison never provides a name for the narrator who refers to himself as the invisible man. The story begins with the narrator’s grandfather on his death bed instructing on how to deal with white people. The narrator felt thisRead MoreAnalysis Of `` Battle Royal `` By Ralph Ellison1405 Words   |  6 Pagesleads people to misunderstand what segregation truly did. Karen and Barbara Fields are two sisters who wrote Racecraft together to discuss serious racial issues of the past, present, and future. These issues are present in â€Å"Battle Royal†, a short story written by Ralph Ellison. A major theme in this story is the differentiation of class. White men seem to live the life and are able to obtain whatever they desire; the black teenagers in the story are set up to brawl each other to entertain the white

Essay on Evil Entrap Everyone Lord of the Flies - 841 Words

Evil Entraps Everyone America is organized, technologically advanced, and easily accessible; Imagine a scenario in which our society vanished out of thin air, leaving humans with only our natural instincts and nature? A similar fictious event occurred at an unknown location on an island, isolating young boys Ralph, Piggy, Jack and many other children in the novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies† by William Golding. Lastly, the boys innocence is turned to savagery when being alone on the island corrupts them and shows how truly evil man is when society cannot keep him in line. Golding is trying to say that man is evil and he proves it to us, showing us little boys on an island and how out of hand man can become. It is generally said that people are†¦show more content†¦It can be argued that Golding’s use of characterization solidifies his theory that all men have the capacity for evil due to their innate human nature. Golding depicts the two main alpha male characters o f Jack and Ralph as primary examples of this theme. As the story unfolds, Golding reveals Jack to be selfish, violent, and corrupt as he was driven â€Å"to violence, the bolting look came into his blue eyes. He took a step, and able at last to hit someone, stuck his fist into Piggy’s stomach,† (Golding 71). The description of Jack towards the conclusion of the book reveals how deceitful and antagonistic Jack has become. Jack’s monstrous personality devours everyones humanity when he refuses to obey rules, and begins to let his anger out starting with piggy. Ralph accuses Jack of being â€Å"a beast and a swine and a bloody thief† (Golding 179)! Ralph’s statement is a concise summation of all that Jack becomes. Furthermore, the fact that Jack has begun to become more tribal in appearance indicates his reversion into a more primal being. Finally, as depicted midway through the story, Jack reveals his true sadistic nature as he was â€Å"on top of t he sow stabbing downward with his knife....Jack found the throat and the hot blood spouted over his hands,† (Golding 135). All of these intensely descriptive characterizations of Jack committing violence as a beast and becoming a thief portray his evil nature. This proves Goldings point that all humans can succumb

The Ethics And Social Welfare - 1780 Words

Word count: The Case: Banks (2006) claims that dilemmas occur when individuals encounter two equally unwelcoming alternatives for a choice, potentially involving a conflict of moral values. The assumption is both judgements can be affirmed; it constitutes situations in which individuals need to make choices given different equally compelling moral options. However, rarely are ethical choices simple; most decisions are restricted and invokes internal conflict as dilemmas highlight the differences and those conflicts when deciding on a course of action. The current literature contains a critique of an article selected from the eJournal Ethics and Social Welfare. It focuses on a dilemma encountered in a practice situation involving an†¦show more content†¦Using this perspective, Alyssa should take the action that generates the greatest net benefit for all those affected by the dilemma. In contrast, deontology denotes an ethical perspective based on duty or obligation. Moral actions are assessed on the foundation of inherent rightness or wrongness rather than the primary consideration being of consequences (Nagel, 1986). From this perspective, Alyssa should take an action that disclosures and removes any questionable behaviors, no matter the consequences. If fundamental principles, for example life are violated, the action is always considered morally wrong, even if good outcomes ascended. Ethical Systems Adherence to independent moral duties or rules is what characterizes deontological moral systems. To make morally right decisions, an understanding of our own moral duties needs to be established and an acknowledgment on what correct rules exist to regulate those duties. If we are behaving morally, we have followed our duty; Jeffs and Smith (2005), state that a youth workers priority befalls performing duties that are good and right, despite whether it breaks the rules or calls you to question. Alyssa was ready to face any repercussions for her decision and felt it was her duty/obligation as a youth worker in addition to being the right choice. This evidently presents the appropriate ethical framework to be from aShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics And Social Welfare1568 Words   |  7 Pagesmost decisions are restricted and invokes internal conflict as dilemmas highlight the differences and those conflicts when deciding on a course of action. The current literature contains a critique of an article selected from the eJournal Ethics and Social Welfare. It focuses on a dilemma encountered in a practice situation involving an inexperienced practitioner (a youth worker) met by two young women. Both women were 14 years of age, one of whom (Danielle) required emergency contraception withinRead MoreThe Ethics And Social Welfare1541 Words   |  7 PagesCase and Dilemma Following material from Harrison (2007), this critique focuses on implications for ethics and social welfare with particular focus on a male, Tom who has been attending sessions with his social worker after being referred for assistance. Issues range from being profoundly deaf, severe facial disfigurement, epilepsy, severe alcohol dependence and limited communication skills. Tom’s issues were manageable until he reverted to drinking with old friends. Following numerous complaintsRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics And Social Welfare Essay1145 Words   |  5 PagesEthical standard 6.01 in NASW’s Code of Ethics pertains to social welfare. (National Association of Social Workers, 2016) clearly states that social workers should endorse the universal wellbeing of humanity, from local to global levels, and the growth of citizens, their neighborhoods, and their surroundings. From a political perspective (National Association of Social Workers, 2016) ascertains that social workers should campaign for a standard of living that meets basic human needs for individualsRead MoreSocial Welfare : The Protestant Work Ethic And The Spirit Of Capitalism995 Words   |  4 Pages In this essay I will analyse the issue of social welfare, referencing Weber’s Protestant Work Ethic and Foucault’s analysis of power structures and the welfare state. The support systems in place to ensure that the poorest and most vulnerable members of society are able to survive have been the subject of increasing scrutinisation and hostility as we have entered the 21st Century. This hostility to social welfare can be seen in the intense backlash against the Affordable Care Act in America, andRead MoreThe Importance Of Ethical Business Is Not New1334 Words   |  6 PagesThere are lessons to be learned, both positive and negative, from businesses around the world. CEOs must work hard to find a balance between profits and public image by learning from history, understanding the evolution of business ethics, and understanding the social responsibility of businesses. CEOs in the business world today are in a precarious position. They are accountable to shareholders to keep profits high while avoiding any scandal or implication of shady dealings. CEOs are alsoRead MoreWelfare Reform : Social Welfare Policy1257 Words   |  6 Pages Social Welfare Policy Social Welfare Policy Analysis Eric Dean University of Arkansas Introduction Several states have recently begun to enact legislation that requires welfare recipients to submit to drug tests before they are eligible to receive any public assistance. The purpose of mandatory drug testing is to prevent the potential abuse of taxpayer money, help individuals with drug problems, and ensure that public money is not subsidizing drug habits (Wincup, 2014). WhileRead MoreThe Nasw Stands For The National Association Of Social1057 Words   |  5 PagesAssociation of Social Workers. The NASW has made a code of ethics for all social workers to follow. The mission of practicing social workers is social justice for everyone, service to anyone in need, treating everyone with dignity and recognize their worth, understand the importance of human relationships, integrity in everything we’re involved in, and competence in the field. The NASW code of ethics has 6 purposes for social workers. 1. The code of ethics identifies core values for social workers 2Read MoreEncyclopedia Entry : Work Ethic1184 Words   |  5 PagesWork ethic is a set of values or belief based on moral attitude that hard work is worthy of reward. It also refers to the workers moral benefit based on one’s earnest and its ability to improve his capacity. Although the value has been changed throughout the history, society still has its expectation on workers that they should have a good work ethic in order to be selected for better position where it requires more responsibility, recognition of his contribution with higher wages. Contrary, societyRead MoreIntroduction. A Code Of Ethics Is A Formal Statement Of1343 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction A code of ethics is a formal statement of what your business prospects in the way of ethical behavior. Ethics and its unique social function to influence the development of an organization. In the organization, ethics as a correction of people s behavior and soft interpersonal constraints, it can make employees clear justice and injustice and a series of independent moral and moral boundaries, so as to have a clear view of right and wrong, good and evil, improve the efficiency of moralRead MoreOutline Of Historical Views On Child Welfare Workforce And Nasw Standards994 Words   |  4 PagesWeek 1 - Child Welfare Workforce and NASW Standards Provide an overview of historical views on children and identify how this will impact your role in empowering families, protecting children from maltreatment, and engaging in ethical decision making as a child welfare worker. Historically, children were viewed very differently than they are today. Adults thought of children as being seen and not heard. Children were expected to work in textile factories or as chimney sweeps in order to provide

Description of Environmental Problems Free Essays

Description of the Environmental Problems Recycling is more than just waste control; it is a responsibility for the conservation of resources. As the years have passed, the influx of individuals entering the United States and natives alike, who are unequipped with the proper paradigm to fully understand the colossal advantages recycling has on their state and greater still, our world as a whole, do the environment a grave injustice. The world is only able to produce so much and if people don’t work to preserve what the finite resources the earth, as we know will be a cesspool of waste. We will write a custom essay sample on Description of Environmental Problems or any similar topic only for you Order Now The problem that seems to readily exist is the limited emphasis put on the process of salvage and reuse. This is a progressive society and without alarming statistics in order to grab the attention of those who dismiss reprocessing as too time consuming or a nuisance won’t conform. Mother Earth will be emaciated and uninhabitable in the future if enough people don’t recognize the scarcity of resources this epidemic can create. The outcry to recycle is not being expressed loudly enough, nor is an alternative, and as a result our earths ability for infinite life and growth is being challenged. There needs to be a mandatory computation for families sent out, like a census, to track their usage for a week to as a means of bringing like to the amount of waste being generated. In calculating my own use, as a family of five, I found my landfill bag to be the fullest at the end of the week, yet the recyclables, paper included, weighed the most. Paper in my home is abundance, yet the more paper the less trees and although this destroys a living organism and seems to be the easiest for anyone to recycle, although, its the most discarded. Deciding what belonged in each bag was a relatively simply duty, I have been recycling, although not always properly, until recently, for over ten years, so what started out as a time consuming necessary evil is now a way of life. The product that was discarded the most was paper in the recycling bin, some of which was never read just a sheer waste of trees and most on non-recycled paper, pull-ups were the most discarded in the landfill container and a two lunch meat containers went into the reuse bin. Recycling isn’t a hard chore if you look at it as regular occurrence, like brushing your teeth, it’s just something you do daily. Recycling is a crucial precursor for the longevity of the earth among other things and a minor task for me to continue. It is also a lifestyle that must be invoked to keep equilibrium among insatiable wants of humans and the necessities of the earth in order to remain sustainable, and R. Edward Freeman, Jessica Pierce and Richard Dodd concur by stating: The conservation mind-set tells us to conserve the earth’s resources for the future. The moral and practical presuppositions for this mind-set are several. First, we have to believe that many of the resources basic to human survival (e. . , clean water, arable land, breathable air, forests, other species) are scarce, a fact the conservationists believe has been amply proved. Second, we have a moral responsibility to future generations and must be willing to frame our activities now in the context of future needs. In theory, people would have a moral responsibility to the quality of life for future generations and exercise it, b ut in reality, people don’t care or don’t respond adequately to the human element and even less about wildlife and their habitat. Despite our best efforts the question still remains, are landfills the most environmentally safe and cost effective device to promote a healthy environment? The are some pessimist who respond negatively to the idea of recycling as some argue that without proper waste management options it cost more to recycle that to just discard. The National Resources Defense Council, quoted a writer, John Tierney, from â€Å"Recycling is Garbage†: The simplest and cheapest option is usually to bury garbage in an environmentally safe landfill. There’s little reason to worry about modern landfills, which by federal law must be lined with clay and plastic, equipped with drainage and gas-collection system, covered daily with soil and monitored regularly for underground leaks. In conflicting information it shows that this is an incorrect statement, because landfills are not inexpensive and the danger to the environmental has been noted as dangerous but conflicting on the level of toxicity. Recommendations The Merriam-Webster collegiate dictionary describes recycling as â€Å"to pass again through a series of changes or treatments; to return to an original condition so that operation can begin again†. Recycling is clearly the only way to prolong the life of the planet, but the lingering problem is what manner to do the recycling? Landfills are no longer the optimum choice because of the long-term consequence and no one is fully prepared to have a landfill in their neighborhood. â€Å"It is likely that regional prosperity would be enhanced if every community were more self-reliant†¦ and recycle locally† (NRDC, 1997). The use of state of the art less emission incinerators would be an option or the use of less packing supplies for items that are unbreakable (apparel, books and rubber exercise equipment and accompanying tapes), are all item that could use less packing. People are driven by money, use the same incentive that make people return pop cans and if there were a price put on the amount of recycling it would stand to increase considerably. Over the years, people attempting to reduce their trash started burning it which is more harmful to the environment from the fumes alone and other methods have tried and failed. How to cite Description of Environmental Problems, Papers

Management & Leadership - Power - and Politics of Singapore Airlines

Question: Describe about the Management Leadership, Power, and Politics of Singapore Airlines. Answer: Introduction: In this report, the researcher has chosen Singapore Airlines to conduct the study. This assignment consists of analyzing the importance of Management and Leadership Style of Singapore Airlines along with their Power and Political Factors related towards airline industries. The airlines industries are a combination of several factors that includes rise in oil price, fierce competition among low cost carriers, threats towards terrorism and environmental impacts. Moreover, being the presence of all this factors Singapore Airlines has successfully established themselves as one of the most sophisticated carriers of Singapore. In the last decades, Singapore Airlines has achieved a phenomenal return on their investments and the organization has earned huge revenues annually irrespective of its competitors. Singapore Airlines has also received numerous awards and rewards from the government of Singapore due to their expertise in providing excellent services to their customers. The effectiven ess of Singapore Airlines is based on their efficiency of management strategy that includes gaining a competitive advantage by differentiating themselves through supreme quality and innovation techniques. Their main strategies include a product differentiation and cost leadership strategy that provides them a distinctive place in the aviation industry (Singaporeair.com, 2017). Singapore Airlines is one of the most promising flagship carriers of Singapore; it started its business operations from October 1, 1972. The organization has gained revenue of more than $12 billion in the fiscal year of 2010. Singapore Airlines has the capacity to reach over 65 destinations and has flight access to over 34 countries across the world. Singapore airlines have innovated and accepted the modern technology significantly such as creating the first Airbus A320s and the Singapore Cargo that provides to accommodate numerous numbers of people (Singaporeair.com, 2017). The target customer segment of Singapore Airlines consist of potential business people those who travel for business purposes and providing them with newly added services and quality of flying experience. Singapore Airlines came into the eyes of customers when they introduce the worlds fastest and no stop flights experience from Singapore to Los Angeles in the year 2004. In the year 2007, Singapore Airlines also introduce the largest commercial aircraft Airbus that provided them a competitive advantage in the market place. Management of Singapore Airlines: According to the researcher, the management of Singapore Airlines is evaluated with the help of critically analyzing the external and internal factors that have a direct impact on the management strategies of Singapore Airlines. External Factors of Singapore Airlines: Political Factors: In Singapore, since independence, there is presence of Peoples Action Party (PAP). The political environment of the country is stable and from chaos free. The government of Singapore has lowered the restrictions in the aviation industries and provided complete freedom in commercial preeminence in Singapore. The decision making process of every organization are done by their managers and interference of government is at the least. The government has initiated much pressure on Singapore Airlines to increase their profit margins and provided aided benefit when the company was struggling financially. Singapore Airlines has abided with all the foreign rules and regulations and always maintain a good relationship with other countries globally. Recently, Singapore Airlines has initiated free trade concurrence between India, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and United States of America (Heracleous Wirtz, 2012). Economic Factors: There was a huge financial catastrophe in the year 2007, and most of the countries were suffering globally with recessions. The financial calamity lasted until the end of the year 2008 and it made very difficult for all the organizations to run their businesses successfully. Therefore, this situation affected the growth of Singapore Airlines drastically such as there was increase in Oil Price that went up to $145.00 per barrel on June 2008. To overcome this situation the tourism board of Singapore has given tremendous support to Singapore Airlines. The government has also created opportunities for Singapore Airlines like hosting Formula One Race Contests that will generate gathering of more travelers towards their country (Homsombat et al., 2014). Social Factors: The social culture of Singapore is diversified in nature. The population of the country consists of several non-residing citizens and with the help of globalization; there is an existence of several cultures among different people in the country. Singapore Airlines are always committed in providing their customers with delightful experiences while traveling. For example, different cultural backgrounds of people travel and they need varied range of services that consists of providing different set of foods to different customers, providing language benefits to the customers and meeting their queries effectively (Homsombat et al., 2014). Technological Factors: The expansion of Singapore Airlines is huge and to retain that position alteration in technology and modernization is their key towards success. Singapore Airlines has innovated and made changes in their flights significantly from introducing micro power system to providing them the largest and widest seating capacity Singapore Airlines has changed the thinking of aviation industries. Not only in the matter of services but Singapore Airlines has also flourished in keeping their customers safe and secure, Singapore Airlines is ranked number one in the year 2008 for their outstanding services and performances in the aviation industry and also achieved numerous rewards from the government of Singapore (Pearson Merkert, 2014). Environmental Factors: There is always a huge pressure on the aviation industries concerning the sustenance and protection of the environment. An air flight causes noise and sound pollution rapidly due to which, there is an increase of toxic gases in the atmosphere that leads to global warming. Singapore Airlines has successfully implemented strategies to spend more than $1.5 trillion in re-innovating their aircrafts that will provide less pollution to the environment and will create an eco friendly environment. It is estimated that the new flights will decrease the rate of CO2 emission by more than 20%. Moreover, Singapore Airlines are using fuel consuming system and sustaining the usage of energy effectively. They are not only expanding their business operations but also creating a healthier life and adding reimbursement to the social communities (Park et al., 2015). Internal Factors of Singapore Airlines: Financial Factors: Singapore Airlines, with the help from the government of Singapore has able to survive the financial depression of 2007 and 2008. Moreover, Singapore Airlines has also a flexible profitability index annually. The growth in the aviation industries are acquired by the help of Revenue Passenger Kilometer (RPK). According to the measurement of Revenue Passenger Kilometer Index Singapore Airlines has revenue of 90,150 million along with competitors as Cathay Pacifica and Qantas are emerging in the market immensely (Smit Dula, 2014). Marketing Factors: With the help of globalization and increase in advance technology, the face of aviation industries has changes dramatically over the years. Moreover, in the case of Singapore Airlines the travel agents control the entire distribution network of Singapore Airlines through online ticket booking. Singapore Airlines has created an effective search engine for their online customers such as when any customers search for online tickets in Singapore, the name of Singapore Airlines comes up instantly. However, there is a huge gap of marketing in the social media like twitter and facebook irrespective of the fact that the company is mainly associated with online customers, as most of the consumers prefer to buy their tickets online (Smit Dula, 2014). The company should focus on upgrading its social status and must be more regular to the social networking sites, so that consumers get to know about their schemes and offers. Research and Development Factors: Singapore Airlines has a strong financial background as it is supported by the government of Singapore and they are still trying to improve their in flight services and quality of their travelling experience. Moreover, with the efficiency in their research skills they have implemented the lie-flat bed in their business class that provide maximum amount of pleasure to their customers. Singapore Airlines has planned to invest more than 12,000 million for procuring new modern aircrafts in the next five years and reorganized their members of cabin crew by providing them superiority in training according to the need of the consumers (Thomas et al., 2013). Through these training, the cabin crew got on field training of their job so that they do not commit mistakes in real time. Organizational Structure of Singapore Airlines: The organizational structure of Singapore airlines is divided by functions and it deals with poor performance among their lower level of staffs. To overcome this situation Singapore Airlines has level their organizational structure with less number of hierarchies within their organization. Therefore, creating an autonomous organization that creates jobs for the employees, provides privileges to their senior staffs to train new employees, and includes them in decision-making process. The sole motive of Singapore Airlines is to create and maintain a healthy working environment throughout the organizations life cycle (Williams et al., 2016). Elements of Organization Structure: Overview of the Organization: Singapore Airlines consists of more than 2500 pilots, 7500 employees and more than 180 ground staffs and cabin crews. The activities of Singapore Airlines consist of promoting customer service in their fleets and sustainable approaches towards the environment. The organizations provide enough researching skills in their research and development department and always try to provide better qualities of services to their potential customers (Sengupta Sengupta, 2014). Centralization: The whole business framework of Singapore Airlines in guided by the Singapore government with added help from the Ministry of Finance, but the government of Singapore does not take management decisions for the organizations. Singapore Airlines has selected potentials managers to run their business effectively and increase the efficiency of the organizations accordingly (Williams et al., 2016). Structure Formation: The formalization of any business depends upon all the organizations rule, decorum, regulations and limitations. Singapore Airlines does not provide autocratic leadership strategies in their business but focuses on providing very low amount of regulations that initiates a comfortable and suitable environment for their employees to work (Sengupta Sengupta, 2014). Leadership Strategies of Singapore Airlines: Singapore Airlines believes in creating a competitive advantage over its competitors by using a dual strategy that consists of product differentiation and cost leadership strategies. The differentiation strategies of Singapore Airlines consist of providing great quality of services to their customers, implementing innovative strategies on their aircrafts and the development of the employees. Singapore Airlines has addressed the dual strategy much better than their rivals. Therefore, Singapore Airlines have successfully been able to deliver financial returns over the years respectively and the amount of losses suffered by the company is very low (Goetsch Davis, 2014). Singapore Airlines has a very low amount of debt prevailing in the market and their success rates are much higher than its competitors are. The strategies of Singapore Airlines are as follows: Implementing Service Superiority: Singapore Airlines have ensured that there aircrafts and travelling experience are always bright and juvenile. Therefore, they change their aircrafts on an average that are 70 months old and introduce new flights with added benefits like more fuel-efficient engines and low maintenance cost aircrafts. Singapore Airlines always trained their employees individually with proper amenities. Singapore Airlines provides training to their employees for four months long period. The procedure of training consists of various courses that include courses on manner, etiquettes, cultural sense and wine tasting efficiency. The cabin crew of the organizations is trained effectively to address each customer differently. The employees are trained to make direct eye contact while providing feedbacks to the customers. Singapore Airlines always try to reduce their cost and all the decisions of the business are taken keeping in mind the cost consideration. Singapore Airlin es main motive is to reduce cost of the company without compromising the quality of the service they provide to their customers. The strategies of Singapore Airlines regarding prices related to fuel and labour is much lower than its competitors are. Moreover, the aircraft depreciation rate is approximately 28% which is very low than other aviation companies of Singapore (Baker, 2013). Innovation: Singapore Airlines is constantly evolving their expertise in Technology and making sophisticated aircrafts on a daily basis. They had provided numerous amounts of changes in their aircrafts such as introducing customer amusement systems in all their classes, Dolby sound system, new style of beverages in the business class and the widest seating capacity for their customers. Singapore Airlines almost invest 45% on training the employees, 35% on improving the business operations and the remaining 20% on innovating and creating modern aircrafts facilities for their organizations (Narasimhalu Mathur, 2015). The Product Innovation Department of Singapore Airlines provides structured process through which the organization identifies opportunities in development, proper evaluation of the concepts and making superior fleet designs are obtained. Singapore Airlines initiate the idea that the employees provide services to their customers and efficiency in the cabin crew will simultaneously increase the amount of quality services in the flights (Borenstein Rose, 2014). Technological Leadership Qualities: Singapore Airlines initiate high risk in innovation projects every year respectively. Singapore Airlines is the first among all the other airlines companies to introduce the Airbus in the aviation market. This introduction of Airbus provided Singapore Airlines a great competitive advantage over its rivals. Moreover, Singapore Airlines has a very strong financial hold that provides them to take calculated risks in their daily operations and marketing strategies. Not only Singapore Airlines has introduced the Airbus but also Singapore Airlines introduced services like the expertise of Fax and Telephones in the aircrafts. Singapore Airlines also created an user friendly website that enables their potential customer to book flights tickets, selection of appropriate seats and order meals according to their preferences (Leifer, 2013). Standardization Qualities: Singapore Airlines services are basically standardized in nature. The primary objective of their business is to provide high value of services in their operations that consists of reducing their company cost and providing adequate amount of safety to their customer. Singapore Airlines focuses on creating personalization of customer services by acquiring in advance information about their Customer Relationship Management System. Therefore, Singapore Airlines will be able to understand beforehand their customer name, food preferences and drinking style. There are varied numbers of customer wants that needs to be taken care of while travelling for example some passengers may feel sick, while others passengers wants to grab a book and other passengers want to listen to songs in his/her iPods. Proper care and attention are required to solve the above-mentioned scenarios and Singapore Airlines with their effective staffs and crew members solve these queries of the passengers effectively and provide complete passenger satisfaction (Narasimhalu Mathur, 2015). Power Politics in Singapore Airlines: All the power of Singapore Airlines comes from the strong relationship between the government of Singapore and the organization. The local support of the government is huge in terms of providing them low price fuel, Liaison of Taxes and imposing less restrictions in rules and regulations in the aviation industry. In Singapore, the structure of Tax system is very much flexible which provides them to fulfill their organizational goals effectively. For example, Delta Airlines Industry has to pay 36% of corporation Tax; British Airways is paying 30% Tax while with the support from Singapore government the Singapore Airlines only pays 20% of Corporation Taxes in Singapore. Aviation Industries consists of highlighting numerous numbers of rules and regulations across all the countries globally. Singapore Airlines has maintained all the policies and procedures of the government while expanding their businesses overseas. The power of Singapore Airlines consists in their organizations core com petencies that give them a competitive edge over their competitors. The core competencies of Singapore Airlines are to provide their customer valuable services and to lowering the cost structure of the company. All these strategies are aligned with business goals and objectives. Moreover, Singapore Airlines always try to provide their customers with new services such as providing hot meals in the flights, new entertainment systems and non-alcoholic beverages (Narasimhalu Mathur, 2015). One of the most important role played by the government of Singapore is they always try to foster economic growth in the country and offers numerous amount of support to the Singapore Airlines. The political framework of the country has a direct impact on the business operations of the aviation industry. Singapore Airlines being the flagship carrier of Singapore receives a good deal of support from the government in terms of financial and non-monetary benefits. The legal factors consist of all the rules and regulatory framework of the nation that have a direct impact on national carriers like Singapore Airlines in Singapore. The terrorist attack of September 11, 2001 changed the security parameters of aviation industries, creating much more strict law, and acts in the air travel industry. Singapore Airlines always try to provide maximum satisfaction to their customers in terms of safety and security. Singapore Airlines staffs and members are trained well to tackle all kinds of situations effectively and their security procedures are best in the business. There is a huge scope of politics and rivalry prevailing in the Singapore aviation market. It is said that Singapore Airlines have withdrawn its stake in Air India due to political unrest in that country. This is said to one of the most political barrier the organization has faced over the few decades (Borenstein Rose, 2014). Conclusion: Singapore Airlines is considered one of the most reputable aviation industries of Singapore in the way of customer service appeal, customer satisfaction and loyalty schemes. Singapore Airlines has received numerous numbers of rewards and awards from the government of Singapore and has a very good reputation in the society. Singapore Airlines offerings are generally consists of creating a comforting environment for their passengers, providing individual services in their flights and attentive towards their individual passengers. Singapore Airlines is considered one of the most low cost aviation companies of Singapore. Moreover, Singapore Airlines has accomplished to attend a cost efficient superiority in their business operations. The position of Singapore Airlines is that it is considered the finest flagship carrier of Singapore with expertise in their innovation and passengers satisfaction services. References: Baker, D. M. A. (2013). Service quality and customer satisfaction in the airline industry: A comparison between legacy airlines and low-cost airlines.American Journal of Tourism Research,2(1), 67-77. Chang, T. C. (2016). 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